tax plan of enterprise in our country。
求一篇关于税收筹划的外文翻译,要中英文对照的,谁有,求帮助!!!!万分感谢税收筹划外文翻译(附原文)
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Study on the Tax Planning of Enterprise Income Tax
Hongceng Cao & Xiaohui Xu
College of Economics, Shenyang University
Shenyang 110044, China
Guojie Ao
Department of Accounting and Financial Affairs, Shenyang University
Shenyang 110044, China
Abstract
enterprise income tax occupies is very important status in the tax paying of enterprise, and it has large space of tax planning. Under the background that the new enterprise income tax law was issued, we discussed the problem how to use tax planning to reduce the tax burden of enterprise and realize the maximization of the total profit for the enterprise. In this article, we studied the tax financing in the stage of enterprise financing from the selection of financing mode and the confirmation of financing channel, and put forward that the enterprise should select the liability financing mode to the largest extent in the critical risk range of equity structure. We studied the tax planning in the stage of investment of enterprise from three aspects including correctly selecting the investment direc tion, confirming proper enterprise organization form and selecting tax saving investment subject. We studied the tax planning from two aspects such as income and charge deduction. We studied the tax planning in the distribution stage of enterprise management result from first utilizing taxable income to compensate the loss, the loss recovering sequence of domestic investment profit return and the profit distribution strategy in the low tax region. For above aspects, we all put forward our own new theoretical opinions.
Keywords: Enterprise income tax, Tax planning, Tax preference
Comparing with the old enterprise income law, the new enterprise income law changed in many aspects such as the taxpayer, the pre-tax deduction, and the tax preference, which put forward new task for the tax planning of the enterprise income tax. Under the background of new enterprise income tax, we will discuss
名词解释什么是纳税筹划所谓纳税筹划(Tax Planning),是指通过对涉税业务进行策划,制作一整套完整的纳税操作方案,从而达到节税的目的。
纳税筹划的内容包括避税、节税、规避“税收陷阱”、转嫁筹划和实现零风险五个方面。
避税筹划是相对于逃税而言的一个概念,是指纳税人采用不违法的手段,利用税法中的漏洞、空白获取税收利益的筹划。
因此避税筹划既不违法,也不合法,而是处在两者之间,是一种“非违法”的活动。对于这种方式的筹划,理论界有一定争议,很多学者认为这是对国家法律的蔑视,应该一棍子打死。但笔者认为,这种筹划虽然违背了立法精神,但其获得成功的重要前提是纳税人对税收政策进行认真研究,并在法律条文形式上对法律予以认可,这与纳税人不尊重法律的偷税、逃税有着本质的区别。对于纳税人的这种筹划,税务机关不应该予以否定,更不应该认定为偷税、逃税并给予法律制裁。作为国家所能做的应
纳税筹划
该是不断地完善税收法律规范,填补空白,堵塞漏洞,使得类似的情况不会再次发生,也就是采取反避税措施加以控制。 节税是指纳税人在不违背税法立法精神的前提下,利用税法中固有的起征点、免征额、减税、免税等一系列的优惠政策和税收惩罚等倾斜调控政策,通过对企业筹资、投资及经营等活动的巧妙安排,达到少缴国家税收的目的。这种筹划是纳税筹划的组成部分之一,理论界早已达成共识,国家也从各方面给予扶持。
规避“税收陷阱”,是指纳税人在经营活动中,要注意不要陷入税收政策规定的一些被认为是税收陷阱的条款。
如《增值税暂行条例》规定:兼营不同税率的货物或劳务,应分别核算,未分别核算的,从高适用增值税税率。如果人们对经营活动不进行事前的纳税筹划,就有可能掉进国家设置的“纳税陷阱”,从而增加企业的税收负担。
税收转嫁筹划,是指纳税人为达到减轻自身的税收负担,通过对销售商品的价格进行调整,将税收负担转嫁给他人承担的经济活动。由于通过转嫁筹划能够实现降低自身税负的目标,因此人们也将其列入纳税筹划的范畴。
涉税零风险,是指纳税人生产经营账目清楚,纳税申报正确,税款交纳及时、足额,不出现任何税收违法乱纪行为,或风险极小,可忽略不计的一种状态。
当谈及进行纳税筹划,一般人都认为是指企业或个人运用各种手段直接减轻自身税收负担的行为,其实这种认识是相当的片面的。因为,纳税人除了减轻税收负担之外还存在不会直接获得任何税收上的好处,但可以避免涉税损失的出现,这也相当于实现了一定的经济收益,这种状态就是涉税零风险。笔者认为,实现涉税零风险也是纳税筹划的重要内容。